to appear in European Journal of Combinatorics.

Coloring zonotopal quadrangulations of the projective space

by Masahiro Hachimori, Atsuhiro Nakamoto, Kenta Ozeki

Abstract

A quadrangulation on a surface F^2 is a map of a simple graph on F^2 such that each 2-dimensional face is a quadrilateral. Youngs proved that every quadrangulation on the projective plane P^2 is either bipartite or 4-chromatic. It is a surprising result since every quadrangulation on an orientable surface with sufficiently high edge-width is 3-colorable. Kaiser and Stehlík defined a d-dimensional quadrangulation Q on the d-dimensional projective space P^d for any d ≥ 2, and proved that Q has chromatic number at least d+2 if Q is not bipartite. In this paper, we define another kind of d-dimensional quadrangulations Q of Pd for any d ≥ 2, and prove that Q is always 4-chromatic if Q is non-bipartite and satisfies a special geometric condition related to a zonotopal tiling of a d-dimensional zonotope.